bacterial cell Essay

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ll animals and plants are made of cells. Animal and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant cells also have a cell wall, and often have chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole. Note that cells may be specialised to carry out a particular function.
We use microscopes to see very tiny structures such as cells.
Bacterial cell structure

Bacterial cells are much smaller than plant or animal cells. They were first seen under a microscope by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in 1676. As microscopes have improved, scientists have come to understand bacterial cell structure better.
Using electron microscopes we now know that bacteria have a cell wall. This is similar to a plant cell wall but is more flexible. Bacteria do not have a nucleus. They do have two types of DNA – plasmid and chromosomal. The chromosomal DNA carries most of the genetic information. Plasmid DNA forms small loops and carries extra information. Some bacteria have a flagellum – a whip like tail. This helps the bacteria to move itself along. When we talk about these flagellum tails in multiple bacteria, we call them flagella.

arly microscopes did not magnify to a great extent and scientists have worked hard to improve this. We now have modern light microscopes that can magnify 1,500 times and electron microscopes that can magnify up to two million times. This has allowed scientists to see things such as cells in much greater detail. As a result

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animal or bacterial cell, they spring into action. They infect and take over the cell like pirates hijacking a ship, A virus is basically a tiny bundle of genetic material either DNA or RNA carried in a shell called the viral coat, or capsid, which is made up of bits of protein called capsomeres. Some viruses have an additional layer around this coat called an envelope. That's basically all there is to viruses. When viruses come into contact with host cells, they trigger the cells to engulf them…

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Gram Staining: Light Microscopy

negative bacterial cells and gram positive bacterial cells. The gram staining procedure was designed by Christian Gram in 1884. Gram negative bacterial cells contain a thin peptidoglycan wall in addition to the outer cell membrane. Gram positive bacterial cells do not have a peptidoglycan cell wall. Gram negative bacterial cells decolorize during the gram staining procedure and retain the red color of the counterstain. This is because of the peptidoglycan cell wall. Gram positive cells do not decolorize…

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susceptible in bullet point form. (2/25 marks) Bacteria are susceptible to antibiotics and not human hosts because antibiotics are designed to target features which are unique to bacteria. Human cells do not contain a cell wall where as bacteria do, through targeting specific receptors present in cell walls; or involved in their production such as ampicillin; bacteria can be specifically targeted. Another example of this involves targeting organelles which are specific for bacteria: ribosomes differ…

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What is bacterial resistance? Well bacterial resistance is a bacteria’s ability to survive in the presence of a chemical agent, such as antibiotics or antimicrobials. I want to discuss how bacteria get there resistances, what the causes are, and how this will affect people. There are all types of different microorganisms that have some sort of resistance to antibiotics but how did they come to be resistant? This is one of the main questions that I want to answer. Are we responsible for the resistance…

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Prokaryotic Cell Sources; http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/prokar.html http://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/ss/prokaryotes.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleoid http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Plasma_membrane Prokaryotic cells are cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus. The Greek language connotes that the term prokaryotes mean ‘before nuclei’. Prokaryotic cells tend to have very few internal structures, which are distinguishable under the microscope. Cells that…

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