This is how a formal system remains self-contained. This self-identification process allows the system to be self-correcting, enabling it to run itself without outside interference. If a system cannot “read” what it “wrote,” then it fails and requires outside interference. A system that requires outside interference to run is not a formal system. So Haugeland’s definition can be rewritten as follows: a digital system is a set of write-read techniques that are positive and reliable such that the system maintains its formality. Of course, as previously stated, there needs to be a margin of error, this