There are four early river valley civilizations which were Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China. These civilizations emerged and developed on fertile river plains. My essay will only compare and contrast Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, and China. The topics that my compare and contrast essay will be comparing is the environmental challenges that they had and how they dealt with it and how they kept their civilization protected from the other civilizations army.
Mesopotamia was a part of the “land between the rivers” which was a fertile plain also known as the Fertile Crescent which had fertile soil for crops. The two rivers that Mesopotamia was between were called the Tigris and the Euphrates. These two rivers flooded once a year and it left a rich soil. There were three disadvantages that the Sumerians had which were unpredictable flooding and there was often no rain. The land had few natural resources which made the building materials scarce. The land where Mesopotamia was had no natural barriers for invasion. These disadvantages were solved through …show more content…
The Indus Valley was a village along the Indus River. The Indus River was a river that could change course because of the dry ground specifically from droughts letting the water from the river make its own course. Some of the environmental challenges that the harappans faced were unpredictable flooding and that the river could change course like it was mentioned before. Also the rain was unpredictable and there were occasionally droughts or floods and monsoons at least once a year. The harappans built a city on mud-brick platform to protect against flood waters, also built brick walls to protect the city and the citadel-central buildings of the city, when people built cities of brick laid out on the grid system. The streets in the grid system are 30 feet wide and the lanes separated the rows of