CH 12 DNA: [Frederick Griffith] injected mice with bacteria. [transformation: process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene from another strain of bacteria]. Avery and other scientists discovered that the nucleic acid DNA stores and transmit’s the genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next. [bacteriophage: a kind of virus that infects bacteria] Hershey and chase concluded that the genetic material of the bacteriophage was DNA, not protein. [NUCLEOTIDE: (3 parts) [deoxyribose molecule] [phosphate group] [nitrogenous base] (4 different bases in DNA) Purines [Adenine & Guanine] Pyrimidines [Cytosine & Thymine] [Rosalind Franklin: X-ray Diffraction] [Watson and Crick’s model of DNA was a double helix, in which two strands were wound around each other] [A]=[T] & [G]=[C] :base pairing. [prokaryotic cells lack nuclei]. Eukaryotic chromosomes contain both DNA and protein. When tightly packed together they form chromatin. [chromatin consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins