In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter. Those delegates deliberated on the basis of proposals worked out by the representatives of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at Dumbarton Oaks, United States in August-October 1944. These four nations are currently part of the UN Security Council, meaning they have the power to veto actions taken by the general assembly, with some restrictions. The fifth and final nation on the Security Council is France. The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries. Poland, which was not represented at the Conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51 Member States.
The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by a majority of other signatories. United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 October each year.
The charter of the United Nations is its constitution. Its main objectives are security and development of all member nations. The United Nations has been made to work for the promotion of peace and security for every country of the world, friendly relations among the member countries, human freedom and rights, and development of member countries by raising the production of food, providing medical facilities, and attempting to solve the problems of children and refugees.
Whenever there is some problem, it tries to solve it through the cooperation of its members. The United Nations prepared a list of human rights, called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It was adopted on 10th December 1948, which is celebrated as the Human Rights Day all over the world. Some of the important rights are: the right to live as free citizens of a country, equality before the law, the right of