Essay on Organic Chemistry 2

Submitted By biggymushy
Words: 700
Pages: 3
Open Document
Title: Preparation and IR Analysis of 2-chloride-2-methyl Butane

The purpose of this experiment was to react 2-methyl-2-butanol with concentrated HCl in order to form 2-chloride-2-methylbutane. The hydrogen for the HCl make the -OH from the 2-methyl-2-butanol into a good leaving group because H2O is formed. The H2O leaves and Cl- is free to bond with the carbocation creating 2-chloride-2-methylbutane.
The materials needed for the lab were an Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar, the stirring function of the hot plate, an ice bath, a separatory funnel, and an IR machine.

Procedure:

Measured out 5 mL of 2-methyl-2-butanol and 13 mL of HCl, the latter was cooled to approximately 0 . The HCl was slowly added to the 2-methyl-2-butanol and stirred for 15 ℃ minutes. The mixture was then added to the separatory funnel and the aqueous HCl layer removed. The mixture was then washed with 10 mL of H2O, 10 mL of sodium bicarbonate, and 10 mL of NaCl. The product was dried with enough anhydrous sodium sulfate so that there were free floating particles in the solution and allowed to sit for 10 minutes. After the elapsed time the solution was then decanted and distilled. The weight of the distillate was measure and the IR ran.
Results

Data and Calculation:
Crystallization is a technique for purifying solids that contain small amount of impurities. This purification method takes advantage of the differences in solubility between the compound and its impurities. After the weighed 0.5 grams sample went through the purification process, the impurities were removed and it dropped to about 0.257 grams. The melting point of the crude sample was between a range of 140.7 and 141.9 while the pure sample had a melting point range of 141.9 and 142.

Mass of Crude Sample (g)
Mass of Pure Sample(g)
Melting point of Crude Sample(°C)
Melting point of Pure Sample(°C) 0.50 0.26
141
142

Percent Recovery = = = 50% Discussion
Most of the impurities will remain dissolved in the cool solvent, allowing them to be removed when the sample is isolated by vacuum filtration. Some of the impurities may not dissolve even in hot solvent, requiring a hot filtration to remove them. Occasionally the crystals may not form as the solution cools. A few steps can be taken to induce crystallization in these cases. It was observed that methanol was used as the solvent because of its partial volatile properties and the solvent did not react with the substance being purified. The advantages of purification by recrystallization is that it removes impurities and it’s an easy process; the disadvantages of purification by recrystallization is that part of the product is lost and it doesn’t remove insoluble impurities and it must always be followed by vacuum and if not done properly, one may run
Show More

Related Documents: Essay on Organic Chemistry 2

CH 4 Octet Rule and Ions 1 Essay

Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds 1 4.1 Octet Rule and Ions Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Ionic and Covalent Bonds 2 Atoms that are not noble gases form octets  to become more stable  by losing, gaining, or sharing valence electrons  by forming ionic bonds or covalent bonds Ionic bonds occur when atoms of one element lose valence electrons and the atoms of another element gain valence…

Words 7931 - Pages 32

Chemistry: An Introduction To General, Organic, And Ethers

administered by a nurse anesthetist who provides care before, during, and after a medical procedure. A nurse anesthetist gives medications to keep a patient asleep and pain-free while monitoring the patient’s vital signs. Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Twelfth Edition © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. 12.1 Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers Functional groups such as • an alcohol contain a hydroxyl group (—OH) • a phenol contain a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded to…

Words 3381 - Pages 14

Aspects Of Spectroscopy

CHY242 Organic Chemistry II Chapter 15 Infrared Spectroscopy & Mass Spectrometry Amir Kiumarsi • • • • • • • • • • • • • 15.1 Introduction to Spectroscopy 15.2 IR Spectroscopy 15.3 Signal Characteristics: Wavenumber 15.4 Signal Characteristics: Intensity 15.5 Signal Characteristics: Shape 15.6 Analyzing an IR Spectrum 15.7 Using IR to Distinguish between Two Compounds 15.8 Introduction to Mass Spectrometry 15.9 Analyzing the (M)+• Peak 15.10 Analyzing the (M+1) +• Peak 15.11 Analyzing the (M+2) +•…

Words 2024 - Pages 9

A Level Chemistry Essay

A Level Chemistry Entry Requirements: BB in Core and Additional Science or B in Chemistry and C in Maths. In addition, a D Grade in AS Chemistry is needed to progress to the A Level. Wainwright, Miss J Rigby Exam Board: AQA Teachers: Mrs V Bates, Mr A Conheeney, Mr N Barnet, Mr P Carter, Mrs J Timetable Organisation: 5 periods of 1 hour length each week for two years, taught by 2 teachers. Students in Year 13 also have one hour of directed study time each week. Main Syllabus Area A Level Chemistry…

Words 422 - Pages 2

Organic Chemistry Essay

a significant number of preparatory courses should be completed prior to transfer. At minimum, you should complete one year of biology with laboratory, one year of general chemistry with laboratory, one year of calculus and one semester of organic chemistry with laboratory. Completion of a second semester of organic chemistry or one year of calculus-based physics is strongly recommended. Also, completion of one statistics course prior to transfer is recommended as preparation for upper division work…

Words 604 - Pages 3

Chapter 5Compounds and Their Bonds57Electronegativity and Essay

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Electronegativity The electronegativity value  indicates the attraction of an atom for shared electrons  increases from left to right going across a period on the periodic table  decreases going down a group on the periodic table  is high for the nonmetals, with fluorine as the highest  is low for the metals General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 2 Some Electronegativity…

Words 370 - Pages 2

Notes On Biotechnology

BIO 214. Cell and Molecular Biology | 4 | BIO 224. Genetics and Development | 4 | CHEM 131. General Chemistry I | 3 | CHEM 131L. General Chemistry Laboratory | 1 | CHEM 132. General Chemistry II | 3 | CHEM 132L. General Chemistry Laboratory | 1 | CHEM 341. Organic Chemistry Lecture I | 3 | CHEM 342. Organic Chemistry Lecture II | 3 | CHEM 346L. Organic Chemistry Laboratory | 2 | Choose one of the following sets of courses: | | MATH 231. Calculus with Functions I | 4 | MATH…

Words 449 - Pages 2

Umars Study Schedule Essay

Biology 3rd edition. Using both would be best, but it is not necessary. I don’t recommend the 4th edition of AP Cliffs Biology, it was updated to eliminate much of the information in accordance with the new AP biology exam. ☐ Read AP Cliffs Ch. 1 “Chemistry” takes notes and memorize it ☐ Read AP Barron’s Biology Ch. 3 “Biochemistry” (notes are online on the dat bootcamp website) Before you begin to watch Chad’s videos, print out all the outlines, hole punch them, and place them in a binder. Include…

Words 3491 - Pages 14

environmental chem Essay

resources for each answer. Once you have answered the questions upload the document to the appropriate assignment on School Loop. 1. What is environmental chemistry? Environmental chemistry is the study of chemical processes occurring in the environment which are impacted by humankind's activities. http://www.chem.utoronto.ca/research/environmental.php 2. What are some questions that environmental chemists try to answer? What are the causes of soil pollution? How can mineral resources be conserved…

Words 1417 - Pages 6

Essay 1 Organometallic Chemistry

Organometallic Chemistry between organic and inorganic Peter H.M. Budzelaar Course Roadmap • • • • • • • • • • • • • A real example: the Monsanto Acetic Acid process Introduction: what is organometallic chemistry, and why should you care? Electron counting: the basis for understanding structure and reactivity An overview of Main-group and Transition metal chemistry Main group metal chemistry and "Umpolung" Intermezzo: characterization of organometallic compounds Transition metal chemistry: overview…

Words 539 - Pages 3