Essay on 2nd quarter project ap world

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Zahra Bassam Slobodan Milosevic to Sese Mobutu December 23,2014 Slobodan Milosevic was a politician and administrator, who, as Serbia’s party leader and president, from 1989 to 1997, pursued Serbian nationalist policies that contributed to the breakup of the socialist Yugoslav federation. From 1997 to 2000 he served as president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Mobutu Sese Seko was the president of Zaire, which is now known as the Democratic Republic of Congo, who seized power in a 1965 coup and ruled for 32 years before being ousted in a rebellion in 1997. Dictators Slobodan Milosevic and Mobutu Sese Seko had created political policies that were created to show their strong sense of nationalism in which would keep them in power and the programs was thought to be of best interest for the people of Zaire and Yugoslavia. Milosevic and Mobutu were intrigued in making political reforms due to their strong political wills. Upon becoming President, Mobutu was disgusted at the present state of the country. He attributed the country’s current condition to bad politics. Soon after gaining control of the country, Mobutu abolished Parliament and highly centralized the powers of the state. In 1967, the Popular Movement of the Revolution (MPR) arose and until 1990 was the nation’s only political party. It was mandated that all citizens become members of this political party. The MPR was centralized around the ideas of nationalism, revolution, and authenticity. In the latter part of 1967, the national government monopolized the trade unions and formed the National Union of Zairian Workers. Mobutu made all other trade unions illegal and admitted the union was as an instrument of support for government policy, rather than as a force for conflict. Just like the Popular Movement of the Revolution was enforced to help Mobutu reform his country , Milosevic pursues his nationalist agenda. Prior to becoming the president, Milosevic had joined a Communist Party since the age of eighteen. He had learned the methods of communist power-politics as he worked his way up the system. There was a general economic discontent, which made people want a new decisive leadership. The creed of Serb nationalism was now expressed in a policy that was said to “restore” Vojvodina and Kosovo to Serbian Control. It was almost as if two processes is fused into one:the gathering of power into Milosevic’s hands and the gathering of the Serbs into a single political unit which could either dominate Yugoslavia or break it apart. ( Malcolm 212, “Anatomy of an Autocracy”) Both Slobodan Milosevic and Mobutu Sese Seko are known for having the top ten worst genocides of the 20th and 21st centuries. Milosevic sanctioned a policy of “ethnic cleansing” which forcefully displaced hundred of thousands of Bosnians, Croats and Kosovars from their homes. After his presidency, he was in a four year trial before the UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia on charges which included war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. Mobutu had a similar policy of “ethic cleansing”. Mobutu had killed so many civilians, due to his strong nationalism, that the genocide was known as the “African World War”. (“A Kosovo Chronology”, “D.R. Congo”) Milosevic and Mobutu had the upper hand and they were able to make some constitutional changes. The Central Committee of the Federal LCY (League of Communists of Yugoslavia) endorses Serbia’s demands for constitutional changes. Milosevic now has much of what he wanted. He had acquired an unchallengeable personal standing in Serbia. On November 19, Serbian LCY leader, Slobodan Milosevic, speaks at a rally of 100,000 people in Belgrade, reportedly the largest gathering since the end of World War II. Milosevic says he will “establish peace and order”. However, Mobutu’s constitutional changes differed from Milosevic’s constitutional changes. Launched in 1966, the Popular Movement of the Revolution was written. Also,
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