Essay Apush 24

1. Jim Fisk- worked with jay Gould - wanted to corner the US gold market and convince the treasury not to release gold so they could have control over the gold market - almost worked- showed corruption of grant presidency - lead to black Friday 2. Jay Gould- an American financier that was partnered with James Fisk in tampering with the railroad stocks for personal profit He, like other railroad kings, controlled the lives of the people more than the president did and pushed the way to cooperation among the kings where they developed techniques such as pooling. 3. Thomas Nast- Newspaper cartoonist who produced satirical cartoons, he invented "Uncle Sam" and came up with the elephant and the donkey for the political parties. He nearly brought down Boss Tweed. 4. Horace Greeley-An American editor of a leading newspaper, a founder of the Republican party, reformer and politician He helped support reform movements and anti-slavery efforts through his New York Tribune newspaper 5. Jay Cookie-private banking house that the Treasury forced to market its bonds; it got 3/8 of 1%; later went bankrupt 6. Roscoe Conkling- A politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. He was the leader of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. Was highly against civil service reforms. Framed for Garfield's murder. 7. James G. Blaine- a U.S. Representative, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, U.S. Senator from Maine, two-time United States Secretary of State, and champion of the Half-Breeds. He was a dominant Republican leader of the post-Civil War period, obtaining the 1884 Republican nomination, but lost to Democrat Grover Cleveland 8. Samuel Tilden- Democratic candidate for the U.S. presidency in the disputed election of 1876, the most controversial American election of the 19th century. A political reformer, he was a Bourbon Democrat who worked closely with the New York City business community, led the fight against the corruption of Tammany Hall, and fought to keep taxes low 9. Winfield S. Hancock- The democratic candidate for president in 1880 and Civil War hero. He nearly took the national election, as Garfield failed to get a majority, but lost overwhelmingly in the Electoral College 10. Charles J. Guiteau- This man assassinated James Garfield. He was a minor member of Garfield’s campaign staff, Garfield never met the guy. This guy expected political appointment from Garfield, but didn’t get it, so he shot and killed the President. 11. “Ohio Idea”- Proposal by Midwestern Democratic delegates to redeem federal war bonds in greenbacks instead of gold, to keep more money in circulation and interest rates low. 12. The “Bloody Shirt”- An expression used as a vote getting stratagem by the Republicans during the election of 1876 to offset charges of corruption by blaming the Civil War on the Democrats. 13. Tweed Ring- the corrupt part of Tammany Hall in New York City, that Samuel J. Tilden, the reform governor of New York had been instrumental in overthrowing. 14. Credit Mobilier- a joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the Union Pacific Railroad. It was involved in a scandal in 1872 in which high government officials were accused of accepting bribes 15. Whiskey Ring- Before they were caught, a group of mostly Republican politicians were able to siphon off millions of dollars in federal taxes on liquor; the scheme involved an extensive network of bribes involving tax collectors, storekeepers, and others. 16. Liberal Republicans- In 1872, Republican reformers, alarmed by the corruption and scandals in the Grant administration, organized this branch of the Republican Party and nominated Horace Greeley for president. They were laissez faire liberals who opposed legislation that benefited any particular group. 17. Resumption Act- required the government to

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