The occurrence in this age group is associated with hormonal changes. On breast surface, a cyst feels soggy to touch and hard when deeply embedded (McCance & Huether, 2014). Other fibrocystic conditions include solid lesions such as adenosis- enlarged breast lobules, epithelial hyperplasia with or without atypia, apocrine metaplasia, radial scar, and papilloma. Cysts cannot reliably be differentiated from solid masses by clinical breast examination or mammography. Thus, an ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology for diagnosis are regarded as most accurate (Guray & Sahin, …show more content…
It is more common in the upper outer quadrant; however, it can arise from any part of breast parenchyma or accessory breast tissues (McCance & Huether, 2014). IDC metastasize to other parts of the body through the bloodstream and the lymphatic system. Approximately 80% of invasive breast cancers are infiltrating ductal carcinomas (American Cancer Society, 2015). Diagnosing invasive ductal carcinoma involves a combination of procedures, including a physical examination, mammography, ultrasonography, MRI, and minimally invasive biopsy, hormone receptor assays, and gene expression profiling. The treatment of IDC depends on the stage of the cancer and it includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and biologic therapy (McCance & Huether,