Catapults: Large Scale Warfare

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Catapults are an interesting device that has been used throughout human history. The catapult was influenced by another medieval weapon by the name of the crossbow. Catapults were used for large scale warfare. The word catapult comes from the Greek words, “kata” and “pultos”. Kata means downwards and pultos is a small shield that was taken into battle. The early term for a catapult, katapultos, was taken to mean shield piercer. Catapults were used by many countries, such as the Chinese, Romans, French, and English.

There were many different types of catapults. The Ballista was a large catapult that resembled a crossbow, and it was powered by tension. The Trebuchet consisted of a lever and a sling and could hurl large stones farther than three hundred yards at the time. The Mangonel was a catapult that launched projectiles from a bowl shaped bucket at the end of the arm of the device. The Springald catapult was similar to the Ballista, but it had to separate working parts instead of one giant crossbow device. The Onager catapult was a smaller version of the Mangonel catapult, meaning it was more mobile and it only had to be controlled by two people.
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Tension powered catapults used natural weight as power. Traction powered catapults used human strength as a power source. Torsion used a pull back crank mechanism as a source of power. Gravity also helps power catapults by helping to hurl the