Chapter 3 Essay

Submitted By luisamilton
Words: 1074
Pages: 5
Open Document
Key Concept Review (Answers to in-text “Concept Checks”)
Chapter 3

1. Wegener believed that the heavy continents were slung toward the equator on the spinning Earth by a centrifugal effect. He was wrong in that belief, but correct in sensing that continents were moving.
2. Where were the tracks through old seabed that the migrating continents might leave? What forces were strong enough to propel continents over long distances?
3. Something is said to be dense if it weighs a lot per unit of volume. Density is an expression of the relative heaviness of a substance.
4. Density is usually expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3).
5. No one has yet sampled below Earth’s outermost layer, the crust.
6. Seismic waves form in two types: surface waves and body waves. Surface waves can sometimes be seen as an undulating wave-like motion in the ground. Surface waves cause most of the property damage suffered in an earthquake. Body waves (P waves and S waves) are less dramatic, but they are useful for analyzing Earth’s interior structure.
7. The P wave (or primary wave), is a compressional wave similar in behavior to a sound wave. Rapidly pushing and pulling a very flexible spring (like a Slinky) generates P waves. The S wave (or secondary wave) is a shear wave like that seen in a rope shaken side to side.
8. The P and S waves from Alaska were very large and easily detected at great distances. When correlated with the frequency, intensity, and phase characteristics of the waves, this information helped to confirm the models of Earth layering.
9. Earth’s layers are classified by composition and by physical properties. Understanding the physical properties of the layers is important in understanding tectonic processes.
10. Lithosphere includes crust (oceanic and continental) and rigid upper mantle down to the asthenosphere. Note that the rigid sandwich of crust and upper mantle—the lithosphere—floats on (and is supported by) the denser deformable asthenosphere.
11. The outer core is thought to be liquid.
12. A continent floats above sea level because the lithosphere gradually sinks into the deformable asthenosphere until it has displaced a volume of asthenosphere equal in mass to the continent’s mass. Because granite is comparatively light, the top of the continent can float high above sea level.
13. Much of the heat inside Earth results from the decay of radioactive elements.
14. Some of this internal heat journeys toward the surface by conduction – the same process that makes a frying pan’s handle hot.
15. Understand Earth’s age was hampered by an interpretation of the biblical account of Creation. At the end of the eighteenth century most European natural scientists believed in a young Earth, one that had formed only about 6,000 years ago. Since many of the processes observed on Earth had clearly operated for much greater spans of time, confusion was understandable.
16. The jigsaw-puzzle fit of continents around the Atlantic and the distinctly non-random distribution of earthquakes stimulated vigorous discussion in geological circles. Hugo Benioff’s plots of earthquake activity surrounding the Pacific Ring of Fire demanded explanation, and researchers redoubled their efforts to discover the links after the conclusion of the Second World War.
17. Radiometric dating allowed rock sequences to be dated and their relative positions through time determined. Radiometric studies also solidified understanding of Earth’s age, assuring researchers that Earth was indeed older than 6,000 years and that time was sufficient for large-scale seafloor spreading.
18. Hess (and Dietz) suggested that new seafloor develops at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (and the other newly discovered ocean ridges) and then spreads outward from this line of origin. Continents would be carried along by the same forces that cause the ocean to grow. This motion could be powered by convection currents. In 1965 John Tuzo Wilson
Show More

Related Documents: Chapter 3 Essay

Chapter 3 Essay

Chapter 3 – Food Production and the Environment summary This chapter discusses the prospects of feeding an ever growing human population given the constraints on food production such as converting land into farmland, harming the environment, limited water supplies and many other factors that poses a negative externality on the environment. In order to address these issues without compromising food production and the environment, government intervention and policies need to be put in place to avoid…

Words 463 - Pages 2

Chapter 3 Essay

In chapter 3, The Journey North, how does Hill’s description of the train journey from London to Crythin Gifford prepare the reader for what is to come in the novel? In chapter 3, Arthur travels north to Crythin Gifford where a man comes to his compartment and introduces himself as Samuel Daily who shows some interest in the Drablow file but Arthur pretty much ignores him. Hill instantly makes the reader suspicious by the cheerful tone to the journey up north especially after the fog in chapter 2…

Words 680 - Pages 3

Essay on Chapter 3

Chapter 3 Demand, Supply, and Market Equilibrium McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Markets • Interaction between buyers and sellers • Markets may be • Local • National • International • Price is discovered in the interactions of buyers and sellers LO1 Demand • Demand • Demand schedule or demand curve • Amount consumers are willing and able to purchase at a given price • Other things equal • Individual demand • Market demand LO2 Law of Demand…

Words 1342 - Pages 6

Essay on chapter 3

Name: Sunmibola Makinde Conflict Resolution According to Thompson, “Effective listening and speaking enables us to accurately assess the central issues within our conflict and then to negotiate fairly, with win/win solution in mind”<59>. This means that, despite the fact that conflicts generally occur in our daily lives, we should be able to resolve them so we can function in our relationships and communication with others by listening and speaking well, so as to reach an agreement or conclusion…

Words 787 - Pages 4

Essay on Chapter 3

Ronald Lee Verrette Jr. Business Law Case Activity I Chapter 3-5 Pg. 72 Litigates Involved: Plaintiff(s): Rita Peatie VS. Defendant(s): Wal-Mart, Inc. Case Briefing: Rita Peatie got injured at a Wal-Mart, and Rita Peatie is suing Wal-Mart for “recovery” of the injuries she sustained from Wal-Mart’s “negligence” (Clarkson, K., Miller, R., & Cross, F., 2015). “Recovery” is where when either the “plaintiff(s) and/or…

Words 1220 - Pages 5

Chapter 3 Essay

Jazmyn Allen-Cummings Social Psychology Outline I. Spotlights and illusions. a. Spotlight effect –It is the belief that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior than they actually are. b. Illusion of transparency- illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others. c. Social surroundings affect our self- awareness. Ex- Being around people that look different than you make you notice how different you are and how different…

Words 495 - Pages 2

Chapter 3 Essay

Firms use competitive intelligence to collect and synthesize info about their position with respect to their rivals. Enables companies to anticipate changes in the marketplace rather than merely react to them. To analyze competition we use the top 3 or 4 market share or the herfindahl index metrics. Share of mind: the percent of customers who name your brand when asked to name the first brand that comes to mind. Share of voice: % spend on median in the total industry spent Share of Research and…

Words 328 - Pages 2

Chapter 3 Essay

Key Points The law of demand states that there is an inverse (or negative) relationship between the price of a good or service and the quantity of it that consumers are willing to purchase. The height of the demand curve at any quantity shows the maximum price that consumers are willing to pay for that unit. The degree of responsiveness of consumer purchases to a change in price is shown by the steepness of the demand curve. The more responsive buyers are to a change in price, the flatter, or more…

Words 649 - Pages 3

Job Analysis Chapter 3

Austin Danner Dave Devonis Chapter 3 30 March 2014 Chapter 3 Brief review of the main points of the chapter (200 word abstract) This chapter was largely structured around figure 3.1, which shows the interrelationships among job analysis, job descriptions, job specifications, job evaluation, and the HR functions that are built on these processes. Job analysis is the process of defining a job in terms of its component tasks or duties and the knowledge or skills required to perform them. Job analysis…

Words 534 - Pages 3

Essay about Chapter 3

Chapter 3 Project Selection and Portfolio Management 03-01 Chapter 3 Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Explain six criteria for a useful projectselection/screening model. Understand how to employ checklists and simple scoring models to select projects. Use more sophisticated scoring models, such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Learn how to use financial concepts, such as the efficient frontier and risk/return models. Copyright © 2013 Pearson…

Words 1307 - Pages 6