Consciousness psychology Essay

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CONSCIOUSNESS

TODAY
What are the stages of sleep?
! Why do we sleep?
! What are the sleep disorders?
! Why do we dream?
!

!

What are the classes of psychoactive drugs, and the effects of each?

DEFINITION
!

Consciousness
! Awareness
! Subjective

experience

SLEEP
!

EEG test

SLEEP

SLEEP
!

Stage 1 sleep
! Hypnic jerks

SLEEP
!

Stage 2 sleep

SLEEP
!

Stages 3 & 4
! Sleepwalking

SLEEP
!

REM sleep
! Rapid Eye Movement
! “paradoxical sleep”
! Dreaming

SLEEP

SLEEP
!

Azumio Inc – “Sleep Time”

SLEEP

SLEEP
!

Functions of sleep
! Restorative theory
" Rest and repair the body and mind
" Supported by effects of sleep deprivation

SLEEP
Spring Time Shift

Fall Time Shift
4800

3400

4600

Accident Rate

Accident Rate

3200
3000
2800
2600
2400

4400
4200
4000
3800

2200

3600

2000

3400

Monday
BEFORE the shift Monday
AFTER the shift Monday
BEFORE the shift Monday
AFTER the shift SLEEP
!

Functions of sleep
! Restorative theory
" Rest and repair the body and mind
" Supported by effects of sleep deprivation
" REM-Rebound
! Circadian

rhythms theory
" Sleep helps us survive

! Facilitation

of learning

SLEEP
!

Scullin & McDaniel (2010)
SESSION 1

9:00 AM

9:00 PM

SESSION 2

Immediate 9:00 PM

Immediate 9:00 AM

Short
Morning
Delay

Wake
Delay

Short
Evening
Delay

Sleep
Delay

SLEEP

Scullin & McDaniel (2010)

SLEEP DISORDERS
Insomnia
! Narcolepsy
! Sleep apnea
! Sleepwalking
! Night terrors
!

DREAMS
!

!

!

Can occur during any stage of sleep
Meaning of dreams
! Manifest content
! Latent content
Why do we dream?
! Activation-Synthesis Model
! Evolved Threat-Rehearsal Theory

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

Change brain function by activating neurotransmitter system

Abuse
! Use interferes with everyday life
! Psychological Dependence
! Physical Dependence (addiction)
! Withdrawal
! Tolerance
!

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

Addiction in the brain
! Dopamine

& the reward pathway

Volkow et al., 2001, The Journal of Neuroscience

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

4 classes of drugs:
! Stimulants
! Depressants
! Opiates
! Hallucinogens

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

Stimulants
! Increase activity of the nervous system
" Dopamine and norepinephrine
! Therapeutic

uses:
" Amphetamines treat narcolepsy, ADHD

! Dependence

threat:
" Moderate physical, high psychological

! Withdrawal

symptoms:
" Mild to moderate, vary

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

Depressants
! Suppress activity of the nervous system
! Therapeutic

uses:
" Sleeping pills, anesthesia

! Dependence

threat:
" High physical, high psychological

! Withdrawal

symptoms:
" Can be severe

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

Opiates
! Suppress activity of the nervous system
" Mimic endorphins
! Therapeutic

" Pain

uses:

relief

! Dependence

threat:
" Very high physical, very high psychological

! Withdrawal

symptoms:
" Can be severe

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
!

Hallucinogens
! Alter perception
! Therapeutic

uses:
" Chemotherapy relief (marijuana)

! Dependence

threat:
" No physical, moderate psychological

! Withdrawal

symptoms:
" No physical effects, but can be difficult

TOMORROW
!

Learning

WRITING ASSIGNMENT
!

Choose 1 article from a list I’ve provided:
! Perception

& Emotion: Do we perceive threatening stimuli as being closer to
Show More

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