Erikson's Psychosocial Analysis

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1. What are some views of personal and social development?
1. Erik Erikson believed that people go through eight psychosocial stages throughout their lifetimes. There are issues at each stage that the individual must overcome and can move forward with their life.
1. Stage 1- Trust versus Mistrust (Birth to 18 Months) – The child must be able to trust the mother or maternal figure in their life and rely on them to provide nourishment and love.
2. Stage 2- Autonomy versus Doubt (18 Months to 3 Years)- Children want the ability to do things on their own and to have a sense of self-sufficiency. If a parent is non-encouraging or is very strict, it will cause the child to doubt themselves and not feel like they can do something.
3. Stage 3- Initiative versus Guilt (3 to 6 Years)- Children at this stage are wanting to find out who they are and what their interests are. At this stage, children need to be encouraged to explore and if they are discouraged, the child will end up feeling ashamed about their wants and needs. This will also carry over into adulthood.
4. Stage 4- Industry versus Inferiority (6 to 12 Years)- In this stage, students are now starting school or have already and they are wanting to explore their abilities by making things and being successful. If the child fails at something or feels they are unable to meet the expectations of
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Heteronomous Morality- At this point, children understand that rules are formed by the adults in charge; (parents, teachers, or other adult figures). They believe that if a rule is broken for any reason, there will be punishment. Children at this point only care about themselves and what they think are the rules, they have no sense of thinking that their peers view the rules differently. Children think that if the behavior from a peer was extensive, their punishment should follow the same line. This stage of morality also presents the fact that if you act out or misbehave, it will catch up to you in one form or