Essay on Exam 1 Political Science

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POLI201: Exam #1 Review

Understand how apathy and political efficacy impact one another.
People do not care when they are apathetic, which causes them not to pay attention or have them not vote. This can lead to people trying to overthrow the government
Understand why both Political Knowledge and Political Participation are important for good citizenship.
People need to get involved and understand the government and to have a say in government
Know how to identify autocracy, oligarchy, democracy/direct democracy, constitutional government, authoritarian government, totalitarian government, and representative democracy/republic.
Autocracy- when one person controls everything
Oligarchy- small group of rulers
Democracy- masses where people participate and make decisions
Constitutional government- formal limits on what people can do based off a written document
Totalitarian government- no formal limits on governments power and the government will seek to silence the opposition
Authoritarian government- one in which there are no formal limits on government, but the government is checked on by social institutions and churches
Liberty
Free from government interference
Understand the difference between Equality of Opportunity, Political Equality, and Social/Economic Equality.
Equality of Opportunity- everyone has the same opportunity to be well off
Political Equality- 1 person, 1 vote
Social/ Economic Equality- belief/ value that everyone should be the same, but we don’t use it cause it conflicts with economical opportunity
Limited Government
Restrictions on what government can and cannot do, constitution
Laissez-faire Capitalism
Hands-off approach
French for invisible plan, economy is a living being and can fix itself and the government should not get involved
Conflict of interest fixed this
Example: people go to the cheaper gas station rather the more expensive one
Majority rule, minority right
Wishes of the majority is what the government does, but individuals have the right to vote
Popular Sovereignty
Political authority rest in the hands of the people
Understand the events that led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence.
England and colonies open into a contract, but England raises taxes, parliament try to take control, colonists boycott and create the Declaration of Independence
Understand the distinction between the Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution.
Declaration of independence- declare independence from British and gain allies
Articles of Confederation- first attempt at a national government
Constitution- rights of the people and the limit to powers
Know the Seven Articles of the Constitution
Established a congress/legislature (write laws)
Established executive branch (president/ execute laws)
Judicial branch (court/ interpret laws)
States relationships
Amend (change/ revise/ add/ subtract) the Constitution
Supremacy Clause- national laws overrule state
Ratification- 9/13 had to vote yes for new government to have a constitution
Know and understand the debates between the Federalists and Antifederalists.
Anti-federalists
Federalists
Results
Bill of Rights
Dangers of enumeration
Structure of government
Bill of Rights
Elastic Clause
Necessary and proper
Expressed powers limit
Elastic Clause
Structure of government
Checks and balances
Separation of powers
Amendment 10
Supremacy clause
Expressed powers and structure of government

Understand Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances, Bill of Rights, Necessary and proper clause, and Supremacy Clause.
Separation of Powers- power is divided between the branches of government (Pie of power)
Checks and balances- prevents branch from getting too powerful
Bill of Rights- 1st ten amendments
Necessary and Proper is in
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