107). In view of, Hesiod’s Theogony revealing oedipal family conflicts through sons overcoming their fathers as well, mainly Kronos and Zeus (Caldwell, 1993, p.172). The castration of Ouranos is a “fulfillment of an oedipal wish” (Caldwell, 1993, p. 39) because Kronos being the only willing Titan, “hated his lecherous father” and was motivated by his mother as she gave him the sickle (Theogony 138). Above all, young Kronos prunes “the genitals of his own father” (Theogony 181-182) and he commits this act while witnessing “parental intercourse” (Caldwell, 1993, p. 39) as “Ouranos longing for love…settled himself all over Earth” (Theogony 178). Additionally, Zeus also reveals the oedipal pattern of sons being at odds with their father for…show more content… The true essence of Freudian psychoanalysis is expressed through Caldwell’s (1993) work because he acknowledges that myths have non-psychological aspects, avoiding Dowden’s criticism of interpretative supplementation, and instead believes these aspects “provide an opportunity for the emergence” of psychological factors (p. 1). Also, Caldwell appropriately builds off of the Freudian cornerstones as his interpretation reveals the Theogony to be “the unconscious experience of the beginning of the individual's world” because such myths answer the questions children have revolving around their birth (p. 129). Firstly, Chaos symbolizes the “symbiotic stage” which is a “stage of life before any perception of the mother exists” and before an awareness of “separation-individuation” occurs, considering Gaia has not yet emerged (Caldwell, 1993, pp. 130-131). “Separation-individuation” is recognizing the difference between self and other, in this case, the separation of a child and mother (Caldwell, 1993, p. 131). Consequently, a child begins to loathe this independence and this “experience of primal loss and the beginning of desire” is expressed through the emergence of Tartaros and Eros after Gaia (Caldwell, 1993, p. 132). Tartaros is “dim in the underground
