Essay about Integrated Science Lab: Element Observations

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Eddie Schwartz
Integrated Science Lab
11/5/14
Element Observations Metal/Nonmetal/Semimetal
Zinc Thin sheets, silver, solid. Metal
Tin Metal sheets, metallic, solid. Metal
Sulfur Powder, yellow, solid. Nonmetal
Silicon Pebble like, gray, solid. Semimetal
Oxygen Transparent, colorless, gas. Nonmetal
Magnesium Grainy like sand, gray, solid. Metal
Lead Round pieces of metal, gray, solid Metal
Iodine Pebble like, black, solid. Nonmetal
Iron Very fine grains, brown, solid. Metal
Helium Transparent, colorless, gas. Nonmetal
Copper Metal shavings, brown/red, solid. Metal
Carbon Grainy like sand, black, solid. Nonmetal
Bismuth Rock like, sliver/gray, solid. Metal
Antimony Rock like, silver, solid. Semimetal
Solubility and Mixes
20 drops of distilled water + calcium carbonate crystal is soluble, and a heterogeneous mixture.
20 drops of distilled water + copper sulfate crystal is soluble, and a homogenous mixture.
20 drops of distilled water + methyl alcohol is a homogenous mixture, because they mixed evenly.
20 drops of distilled water + amyl alcohol is a heterogeneous mixture, because they two liquids did not mix together evenly.
Physical and Chemical Changes
After putting the ammonium carbonate into the test tube, and then running it over the fire, we came to the following conclusions:
-It turned from a solid to a liquid, this is a physical change.
-A strong aroma of ammonia was scented, this is also a physical change.
-Finally, we realized that the test tube began to condensate, this is a chemical change.
After we added 20 drops of calcium nitrate and copper (II) nitrate into separate test tubes, then added 20 drops of dilute ammonium hydroxide to each, we came up with the following conclusions: A. The copper (II) nitrate turned dark blue at the top and a very light blue at the bottom of the test tube. These are examples of physical changes.
B. The calcium nitrate turned very foggy, and milky in the test tube when the ammonium hydroxide was added. These are examples of both physical and chemical changes.
Lowering the Freezing Point of Water
The initial temperature of the ice and water combination after stirring it for 2 minutes was -2° Celsius.
My hypothesis of the change of temperature is that it would continually decrease as time goes on.
Elapsed Time (min:sec) Temperature (Celsius)
0:30 -8°C
1:00 -12°C
1:30 -8°C
2:00 -13°C
2:30 -14°C
3:00 -15°C
3:30 -14°C
4:00 -14°C
4:30 -14°C
5:00 -14°C My hypothesis was supported, because the energy from the salt took the heat energy away from the ice and water, and it made it continuously colder.
Exercises
1a. Physical Property
1b. Physical Property
1c. Chemical Property
1d. Physical Property
2a. Physical Change
2b. Chemical Change
2c. Physical Change
2d. Physical Change
2e. Chemical Change
The characteristics of bromine are all physical characteristics. They are physical because it is all above the surface of the element, is it was characteristics based from below the surface, it would be chemical characteristics.
The reaction of bromine acting vigorously with the element sodium metal to form a white solid is an example of chemical
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