Lab 1 Essay

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CHM130 Lab 1
SAFETY, EQUIPMENT , AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 1. A student enters their laboratory setting and is getting ready to set up.
What preparations should be made? (16 points) First disinfect any surfaces that will be used with a 10% bleach solution before beginning any lab. If the solution is too weak meaning less than a 10% solution, you may not kill all bacteria on the surface. It is unsafe to use more than a 10% solution so when mixing the solution make sure to add one part bleach for nine parts of water. Also, make sure to leave any food and drink outside of the lab. Clean up any clutter, tie back loose hair, secure jewelry and loose clothing. Know where your exits, safety equipment like fire extinguishers, eye rinse stations and first aid kits are located. Keep pencils and pens out of your mouth and off of contaminated surfaces. Make sure you are familiar with all equipment prior to use. Use caution and avoid any distractions. 2. A student spills chemicals on his or her skin. Explain the procedure that should be followed. (16 points)
Rinse any spills on the skin immediately with continuously running water and soap. In the lab, notify your instructor of the situation. If using the shower you would stand under the shower for at least 15-30 minutes. Brush any dry chemicals off of your clothing and remove saturated clothing as soon as possible. 3. List three things than one can do to protect oneself from contamination/injury in the laboratory. (24 points)
Don safety equipment prior to starting your lab work. Wear hoods, gloves and goggles when working with dangerous chemicals. Tie back any loose clothing, hair and remove jewelry. Don’t drink or eat in the laboratory. 4. Describe the equipment and explain the function of each of the following: (24 points)
a. graduated cylinder A graduated cylinder is a tall, slender cylinder made to accurately measure the volume of liquids. The measurements are marked on the side of the cylinder and are very precise. Measurements are in milliliters. b. beaker
A beaker is a round container with a pouring indentation at the top rim. A beaker is made for holding liquids. It is not used for precise volume measurements. The markings on the side are in milliliters. c. pipette A pipette is a narrow, straw-like container used to deliver drops of fluid one at a time to measure precise volume. Pipettes without any markings are used for transfer of fluids. 5. Describe how to properly ignite and adjust a Bunsen burner. (20 points) Using the supervision of your instructor, put on safety goggles and tie back any hair and clothing. Make sure the top of your burner is free of debris. Check that the rubber tubing is secure on the end of the gas intake of the burner, and that it is secured to the gas valve at your lab station. Light your match and hold it away from the burner while you turn it on. Then slowly bring your match to the top of the burner until it ignites. Adjust your flame. The ideal flame is blue, hard to see and about 1 to 1.5 inches tall. There should be an inner dark blue core that is surrounded by a much lighter blue flame. 6. Describe the hottest part of the flame. (10 points) If the flame is properly adjusted, you should have two blue cones, one that is darker than the other, usually the inner cone is darker. To get to the hottest part of the flame, find the tip of the outer flame and the tip of the inner cone. The hottest part is located between the two tips at 1560 degrees C. 7. List and describe the steps of the scientific method. (20 points) The scientific method contains four steps, Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment and a Conclusion. Observation could be described as seeing something intriguing or interesting in the environment or by wondering about something, an interest is then generated which will become the basis of the study. Form and state your hypothesis is the second step. A hypothesis is a simple
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