developed by Jock Young, John Lea, and Roger Matthews, left realism encompasses both instrumental Marxism as well as structural Marxism and calls for the need to broaden the focus to include a more in-depth look at the relationship between not only the offender and the police, but the victim and the public as well (Linden, 2016). In the relationship that exists between society and crime, one of the aspects is often overlooked or under-valued as well as arguably under-examined: the victim and their own individualized…
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era was considered a crime and was punishable by law. The british government issued warrants to search the offenders homes and bring them to justice. However, those searches were viewed as “were viewed as unwarranted infringements on individual privacy and freedom by the colonists who took seriously the adage” (Roth, 2011, p. 80). The people who did not comply to the rule were marginalized and even imprisoned. In today’s world, smuggling, especially of drugs is still an ongoing act from the past…
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point-of-view of the participant and avoidance of imposing one’s own preconceived notions onto the data. This framework can be used effectively when exploring any number of social issues in which there are power inequities within which individuals are marginalized (O’Connor & O’Neill, 2004). While there are many different conceptualizations of the theoretical foundations of social justice theory, there is a consistent description of the themes addressed within this framework. These themes include: equity/fairness…
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Violent offenders are readily one of the most interesting topics of criminal justice. In 2015, there were 1,197,704 estimated violent crimes reported in the United States (cite). Research on violent offenders typically focuses on male offenders, however, emerging research has focused more on violent female offenders. A small amount of studies that have examined violent offenders using an intersectional approach have found that offenders often differ in their acts based on gender, race, class, and…
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behavioral but also institutional. Direct discrimination is easy to recognize; it is difficult to discern indirect discrimination, which seriously affects exercise of fundamental rights by vulnerable groups. It is tragic that the poor and the marginalized segments are under- represented in the administration of justice but are ‘over-represented’ in prisons and on death rows. The problem that exists with these two terms within the criminal justice system is that one can and will inevitably lead…
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future potential. Through the legal process of record sealing, individuals can demonstrate their commitment to positive change and earn the respect they deserve. Facilitating Rehabilitation: The criminal justice system is intended to rehabilitate offenders and reintegrate them into society as productive citizens. However, a lingering criminal record can impede this process by erecting barriers to employment, education, and housing. By hiring a record-sealing lawyer, individuals can expedite their journey…
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This paper examines the disparities in the sentencing of federal offenders under the SRA of 1984 and analyzes how they are generated.”(Mustard, D. 2001). It is unfortunate that it took until 1984 to make laws against racial discrimination when it comes to sentencing someone for a crime. Now laws are same for everyone, man, woman, African American, Caucasian, etc. There is still a lot to factor in when figuring out the time the offender should have to spend in prison. For example, “Drug distribution…
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Since the world has existed inequality exists analogously and it is something that shall continue to exist. Therefore, conflict criminology is still extremely applicable to everyday situations and continues to be relevant. The fields of conflict and critical criminology view crime as a product of social conflict for example, the unequal treatment of people across social classes (i.e., the rich go unsanctioned while the poor are over sanctioned) (Cartwright, 2011). The emergence of conflict criminology…
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youth unemployment and the juvenation of poverty has left many thousands of young street people with little alternative but to enlist in the crypto-Keynesian youth employment program operated by the cocaine cartels ” (Zirin). The justice system had marginalized these young people and gave them no other option but to join these…
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Native Americans are disproportionately represented as offenders in the U.S. criminal justice system, particularly in the southwestern and north-central regions. Furthermore, there has been little acknowledgement of the positive contributions of Native Americans to the criminal justice system in terms of rehabilitating offenders, aiding victims and supporting service providers. This can be one of the leading reasons for Natives turning into offenders. Another possible explanation may be the frustration…
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