Nt1310 Unit 1 Exercise 1

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1. Oscilloscope: The display of the waveform on the oscilloscope gives immediate qualitative information on the degree and type of distortion. Sometimes cases of resonances are individual through the observable distortion that is present in the voltage and current waveforms.

2. Spectrum Analyzers: These instruments display the power distribution of a signal as a function of frequency. A certain range of frequencies is scanned, and all the components, harmonics, and interharmonics of the analyzed signal are displayed. The display system may be a CRT or a chart recorder.

3. Harmonic Analyzers or Wave Analyzers: This instrument compute the amplitude (and in more complex units, the phase angle) of a periodic function. This instrument provides the line spectrum of an observed signal. The output can be recorded, or it can be monitored with analog or digital meters.
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Distortion Analyzers: These instruments indicate total harmonic distortion (THD) straight.
5. Digital Harmonics Measuring Equipment: Digital analysis can be performed with two basic techniques:
• By means of digital filter: This method is similar to analog filtering. Dual-channel digital signal analyzers consist of digital filtering. In the setup for a particular measurement, the frequency range to be calculated sets up the digital filters for that range. Also, the bandwidth is varied to optimize the capture of smaller harmonics in the existence of a very large fundamental.
• The Fast Fourier Transform technique. These are real-time, very fast methods of performing a spectrum analysis that permit the evaluation of a large number of functions. Micro or mini computers and multichannel analog-digital conversion are used for real time data