Peripheral Nervous System

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A. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
1. What are the central and peripheral nervous systems? What structures are part of each?
The central nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord. This part of the nervous system controls the activity of the nervous system by sensory impulses being transmitted to carry out actions; basically the body’s command system or the boss of the human body. The peripheral nervous system is where the actions are actually carried out. This system contains the nerves. To be more specific, there are two parts to this system: the sensory division and the motor division. The motor division carries out voluntary and involuntary commands to a variety of muscles whereas the sensory division carries out all types of sensory information. …show more content…
What are Neurons? Describe the key parts of Neurons, including: Dendrites, Myelin, Axons, and Synapse.
Neurons - a cell in the brain that is used to transmit (send) information to other types of nerve cells.
Dendrites - a neuron cell that receives messages from other neurons
Myelin - A white substance that bundles itself around nerve fibers // It’s purpose is to increase the speed of electrical communication happening between neurons.
Axons - the lengthy skinny projection of a nerve cell // It’s purpose is to send information to other neurons
Synapse - “contact points where one neuron communicates with another” (BrainFacts.org) http://www.brainfacts.org/brain-basics/neuroanatomy/articles/2012/the-neuron/ https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/axon.htm
3. What are Neurotransmitters, and what do they do? Use at least one example.
Neurotransmitters are brain chemicals that allow our body to have information communicated. They tell our body to do certain activities and without them, we most likely wouldn’t be able to live. Some activities neurotransmitters tell our body to do is to continue to breathe, to keep our heart beating, and to have our stomach digest the food we have …show more content…
Gage survived the accident but was known not to be himself anymore. “Gage’s friends found him ‘no longer Gage,’ Harlow wrote. The balance between his ‘intellectual faculties and animal propensities’ seemed gone. He could not stick to plans, uttered ‘the grossest profanity’ and showed ‘little deference for his fellows’” (Twomey). Furthermore, with knowing what the frontal lobe is and what happens if it is damaged, you could tell Phineas Gage’s frontal lobe was damaged. His personality changed drastically according to his friends which is a symptom of a damaged frontal
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