Psychology: The Scientific Study Of Behavior And Mental Processes

Submitted By slbarlow43
Words: 1070
Pages: 5
Open Document
Review for Test 1
Chapter 1 * Psychology: the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. * Theories: * Structuralism: the school of psychology that stresses the basic units of experience and combinations in which they occur. * Wilhelm Wundt * Founded the first psychology laboratory * Edward Bradford Titchner * Psychodynamic: personality theories contending that behavior results from psychological factors within the individual, often outside conscious awareness. * Sigmund Freud * Most influential person of the 20th century * Behaviorism: school of psychology that studies only observable and measureable behavior. * John B. Watson * B. F. Skinner * Revisited behaviorism * Humanistic: school of psychology that emphasizes nonverbal experience and altered states of consciousness as a means of realizing one’s full potential. * Max Wertheimer * Wolfgang Köhler * Kurt Koffka * Gesalt: school of psychology that studies how people perceive and experience objects as whole patterns. * Gesalt * Means “whole” or “form” * Cognitive: school of psychology devoted to the study of mental processes in the broadest sense. * Research Methods * Naturalistic observation: research method involving the systematic study of animal or human behavior in natural settings rather that in the laboratory. * Case study: intensive description and analysis of a single individual or just a few individuals. * Survey research: research technique in which questionnaires or interviews are administered to a selected group of people. * Correlational research: research technique based in the naturally occurring relationship between two or more variables. * Experimental method: research technique in which an investigative deliberately manipulates selected events or circumstances and then measures the effects of those manipulations on subsequent behavior. * Milgram study * Milgram was studying obedience, not learning. * He wanted to find out whether ordinary people would obey orders to cause another person pain. * To find out what he wanted to know, Milgram had to deceive his participants. * The stated purpose of the experiment – to test learning – was a lie. * The “learners” were Milgram’s accomplices, who had been trained to act as though they were being hurt; the machines were fake; and the learners received no shocks at all. * Critics argued, the “teachers” – the real subjects of the study – were hurt. * Careers in psychology * Psychiatrist: specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of behavior disorders. * Psychoanalyst: is a psychologist or psychiatrist who has received additional specialized training in psychoanalytic theory and practice. * Clinical psychologist: assess and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders ranging from short-term crises to chronic disorders such as schizophrenia. * Counseling psychologist: help people cope with situational problems, such as adjustment to college, choosing a vocation, resolving marital problems, or dealing with death of a loved one. * Social worker: may also treat psychological problems.
Chapter 3 * Sensation: the experience of sensory stimulation. * Absolute threshold: the least amount of energy that can be detected as stimulation 50% of the time. * Rods: receptor cells in the retina responsible for night vision and perception of brightness. * Cones: receptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision. * Dark adaptation: increased sensitivity of rods and cones in darkness. * Light adaptation: decreased sensitivity of rods and cones in brightness. * Decibel: unit of measurement for the loudness of sounds. * Hearing disorders * Irreversible hearing loss
Show More

Related Documents: Psychology: The Scientific Study Of Behavior And Mental Processes

The Masters Essay

Article Review: A COMPARISON OF THE MASTERS Emmanuel Matthiews Liberty University: Advanced Educational Psychology 500 7/7/42 As an educator, is it important to analyze and compare bodies of work so that research effectiveness can be determined. In essence, the meta-cognitive process of a professional requires the professional to be able to synthesize information studied quickly in order to apply skills learned with “real life” classroom or workshop experiences. In this paper, the author owill…

Words 899 - Pages 4

305 Review paper

Psychology 305 Review paper A review paper is an example of critical thinking. Critical thinking has many uses. It means you take nothing for granted. Critical thinking means you do not believe something just because you saw it in print or because some authority said so. Critical thinking is analyzing and probing the questions, statements and arguments of your own as well as of others. Critical thinking is examining the definition of terms, the assumptions behind arguments as well as the logic…

Words 1686 - Pages 7

Essay about Week 3 Assignment

Stanford-Binet intelligence scale 1. General factors 2. Verbal-Educational 3. Spatial-Perceptual III. Method applications A. Wechsler-Bellevue intelligence scale 1. Age level 2. Point scale 3. Non-verbal B. Binet-Simon scale 1. Replying to abstract questions 2. Definition of familiar objects 3. Definition of abstract terms C. Stanford-Binet intelligence scale 1. Verbal gaps to be filled 2. Drawing designs from memory 3. Recognition of food IV. Differences between methods A. Binet-Simon, Stanford-Binet…

Words 447 - Pages 2

PSY 330 Week 2 DQ1 Essay

This pack of PSY 330 Week 2 Discussion Question 1 Neurobiology shows the solutions to the following problems: Select one of the following options for this discussion. Indicate in your post which option you are responding to. Option A: Review this week Psychology - General Psychology Neurobiology Select one of the following options for this discussion. Indicate in your post which option you are responding to. Option A: Review this week’s reading, which introduced the role of…

Words 634 - Pages 3

project portfolio Essay examples

Project (PORTFOLIO) INTRODUCTION: FINAL PROJECT Throughout the quarter, each of you will choose an issue in social psychology to research. This project will provide you an opportunity to practice research skills which are important for your professional careers. The resulting data evaluation skills will serve to improve your ability to make decisions. Topic areas for Social Psychology include: Aggression Altruism Group Process Prejudice and Discrimination Gender Self-Identity You will write a white…

Words 1389 - Pages 6

Critical Review of Experimental Research - Showing Off in Humans: Male Generosity as a Mating Signal Essay

completed coversheet to the front of your electronic assignment before submission: Student Number: 129073174 (as shown on student ID card) Programme: BSc(Hons) Psychology (e.g BHSc (Hons) Occupational Therapy) Module Tutor: Nathalie Noret Module Code: 3PY344 Module Title: Statistics and Psychology 3 Assignment Title: Critical Review First Attempt *please delete as appropriate Declaration of Academic Integrity Please complete before submitting your assignment: By entering an ‘x’ in the…

Words 4059 - Pages 17

Experimental Research Designs Essay

compliments because she knew how good looking she was without people telling her. My conclusion is that people with low self-esteem are more susceptible to flattery. References Cherry, K. (n.d.). Simple Experiment - Overview of Simple Psychology Experiments. Psychology -…

Words 1061 - Pages 5

Notes On Personality Psychology

Psychology 305A: Personality Psychology W inter Session, 2012-2013 Section 003 Tuesday/Thursday, 11:00AM-12:30PM Room A101, Buchanan Building Instructor Dr. Sunaina Assanand (“Sue-nay-nah Ass-an-and”) Office: Room 2517, Kenny Building E-mail: assanand@psych.ubc.ca Phone: 604.822.2851 Office Hour: Friday, 11:30AM-1:30PM Teaching Assistants Doan Le (“Doe-Anne Lay”) TA for students with last names A-K Office: Room 1912, Kenny Building E-mail: dtle@psych.ubc.ca Phone: N/A Office…

Words 3841 - Pages 16

Module 1 notes Essay

Psychology principles permeate advertising, marketing, television, movies, sales, self-help books, fashion, politics, and folk wisdom, to just name a few. One good example is the concept of "psychological stress", which is now so prevalent in our culture, yet was rarely mentioned fifty years ago. Also, terms like defense mechanisms and Freudian slips have become a part of our regular vocabulary rather than strictly psychological terms. Appropriate study techniques (PQ4R) include: Preview the material…

Words 2460 - Pages 10

Constructed interview Essay

Spring 2014 OBHR 645 Staffing System Professor：Mike Campion Review of a Selection Procedure Structured Interview literature review： Structured interview is a highly standardized and job related method of assessment, including two principal types: situational interview and experience based interview (Heneman III, H. G., Judge, T. A., & Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D.). Situational interviews test applicant’s ability to make solution to a problematic situation that he or she would…

Words 1746 - Pages 7