Questions On Prokaryotes And Viruses

Submitted By lazytomakeone

Words: 348

Pages: 2

Open Document

MICROBIAL WORLD NOTES (Pg. 1)
Chapter 16 Prokaryotes and Viruses
1. The first form of life was probably ____________and may have begun____________. The first form of life was probably prokaryotic and may have begun 3.9 billion years ago.
2. List and briefly describe the 2 prokaryotic domains:
1. Achaea (means ancient)
--lives in some of the most extreme conditions
--these habitats, while harsh compared with other earth environments today, may resemble the conditions that existed on early earth.
--Achaea and bacteria diverged very early in the evolution from ancient prokaryotic ancestors. 2. Bacteria --Scientists place the two groups of prokaryotes in separate domains partly because of key differences in the information contained in their nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). There are also differences in RNA polymerases --Bacteria polymerases are small and simple, while Achaea polymerases are complex. --Introns, the noncoding portions of genes, are absent in bacteria but are present in some Achaea. --Bacterial cell walls contain a polymer called peptidoglycan and is not found in Achaea.
3. List and briefly describe or draw 3 shapes of bacteria: a. Spherical—spherical bacteria are called cocci from the greek word for “berries.” Some species form clusters of spherical cells, while others form chains. b. Rod-shaped—rod-shaped bacteria in your intestines are bacilli. The e.coli bacteria in your intestines are bacilli. c. Curved or spiral-shaped—the largest spiral-shaped

Disease: Bacteria and Local Infection Essay

• Disease – any negative change in a person’s health – to reduce the fitness of the host. • Etiology – The cause of the disease. • Microbial Flora – Microorganisms located on/in the body. • Normal Flora – Normal/natural microbial residents on/in the body. (Rarely cause disease if ever.) 1 2 Health Science Microbiology David L. Beck, B.S., A.M., Ph.D. Microbial Antagonism!!!!! The normal flora protects against colonization by potentially pathogenic bacteria by: 1) Covering possible binding…

Words 1065 - Pages 5

Essay on Aseptic Technique & Culturing Microbes

Two types of media will be used to grow the microbial specimens: nutrient medium and MRS medium. Though both media are available in liquid broth and solidified agar form, this experiment will use the liquid broth. Nutrient medium is the standard growth medium used for culturing most microbes. It…

Words 1259 - Pages 6

Essay on Professional Athletes and Steroids

Regulation 5.4 Alternative pathways 6 Metabolism 7 Isolation, structure determination, and methods of analysis 8 Chemical synthesis of steroids 8.1 Microbial transformations 8.2 Partial and total chemical synthesis 9 History 10 See also 11 References 12 Further reading 13 External links Nomenclature and examples[edit] As IUPAC guidance notes (and is explained more fully following the quote), "Steroids are compounds possessing the skeleton of cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene or a skeleton derived…

Words 2968 - Pages 12

Azotobacter Case Study

Facts for LIQUID BIOFERTILISER D edication The book is dedicated with the utmost respect and admiration to the my beloved mother F acts For LIQUID Biofertiliser The health of soil in the developing world could be dramatically improved if all farmers empowered with today’s essential liquid biofertilisers information. That information has now been brought together in “FACTS FOR LIQUID BIOFERTILISER” in the 67th year of independence of India and 43 years after the term “Green Revolution”…

Words 9703 - Pages 39

Enhanced Oil Recovery Essay

INTRODUCTION Oil and Gas refers to the naturally occurring liquid and natural gas specifically made up of long chain hydrocarbons and various organic compounds found beneath the surface of the earth in entrapments called reservoirs; the presence of oil and gas in these reservoirs is the reason humans survive everyday and carry out their daily activities effectively. Different activities are usually carried out to ensure that the oil and gas present in the reservoirs continue to support humans…

Words 3075 - Pages 13

English: Agar Plate and Functional Media Lab Essay

The objective through completing the Functional Media lab is that one would be able to utilize and understand the four different types of functional media, one would also be able to create, compare, and contrast microbial growth on media. My hypothesis was that the bacteria from the “dirtiest” areas of the body would grow the best. The procedure consisted of properly pouring agar plates, swabbing cultures from different areas of the body, then applying them to the…

Words 640 - Pages 3

How Should Risk Assessment Help To Guide The Decision Process On Veterinary Biologicals

agencies in the United States of America (USA). However, some interested and affected parties perceive risk assessment in the USA as overly quantitative and narrowly focused on regulatory standards for carcinogens. An example of risk assessment for microbial contamination indicates how quantitative methods can be used when data are sparse and decisions must be made in the face of great uncertainty. Such quantitative methods can be used to improve communication about risk, to promote consensus in support…

Words 4635 - Pages 19

Cell and Surface Area Essay

FOCUS 1- Organisms are made of cells that have similar structural characteristics Key Terms: * Cell: The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms * Theory: A supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, esp. one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained * Electron Microscope: A microscope that is similar in purpose to a light microscope but achieves much greater resolving power by using a parallel beam of electrons…

Words 5219 - Pages 21

Gut Brain Axis

question on whether or not there is a connection between the gut-brain axis. The gut-brain axis is, a bidirectional neurohumoral communication system, that acts on our gastrointestinal and immune system, in which it’s functions help shape the guts microbial and help maintain homeostasis. It has been deliberately revealed that gut microbes influence the brain through hormones, immune molecules and many other specialized metabolites that’s being produced by a bacterial population living in our intestine…

Words 798 - Pages 4

Black: Oxygen and Organic Nitrogen Fertilizer Essay

What grows in the soil in a biosphere? All things on our planet are linked by a giant recycling system called the biogeochemical cycle. I will demonstrate how our planet recycles and reuses everything we need to support life by making a small biosphere. I’ll also show how nutrients will be important for my biosphere’s life-support system? Objective In this project, I will make a mini biosphere to test the response of soil microorganisms to environmental changes in a closed system. Introduction…

Words 917 - Pages 4