Sociobiology Research Paper

Fernanda Ramos
Professor Maria E. Lopez
Psychology 101
2 March 2016
Essay 1 Psychobiology is being able to make sense of the world we live in or our behavior through our physical structure. This includes our brain and nervous system. When we look at the rainbow colors we all have a different interpretation of each color. We are able to differentiate each shade of color from the other. This is because our brain allows us to do this. The brain is composed of different structures that work together to process and interpret every piece of information we receive. When we see the color red our brain can quickly process that information and we are aware of the color we are looking at red and not blue. This also has to do with the cones in the retina. …show more content…
The light hits an object. The more light there is the easier it is to distinguish color, and the stronger, brighter that color appears to be. The less light there is the duller the color appears. Lighting effects our perception of color. Depending on how much light is hitting the object, that person will perceive that color differently. Without light, there is no color. Once the light hits the object, it goes through the cornea and lens, which brings the image into focus. The cornea and lens adjust in order to help us focus on a certain objects. It then passes to the retina. The retina is located in the back of the eye. This is where the rods and cones are located. The rods and cones located in the retina are our photoreceptors. They help in the detection of light. The rods help us in seeing black and white, while the cones help us see in color. Then, this is all sent to the optic nerve. The optic nerve then sends neural impulses to the brain. A neural impulse is sent by neurons, which are nerve cells that help us in processing information. A neuron is composed of a cell body, dendrites which receive the information, and an axon which sends the information. The impulses that travel through the optic nerve and to the brain are electric. The information that is obtained is then processed at the occipital lobe. The occipital lope is involved in vision and aids us in processing information …show more content…
One of the first theories was made by Thomas Young and later extended by Hermann von Helmholtz. This theories states that color perception is caused by three cone receptors located in the retina. The receptors are sensitive to the wavelengths caused by the light. Light travels through waves in space. These are what make the colors we see. According to the trichromatic theory, our perception of color is the response of three cone receptors, red, blue, and green. Colorblindness backs up this theory. In colorblindness, there are certain colors that people can’t see. Those colors are red, blue, and green. Later Ewald Hering developed the opponent- process theory. Hering discovered that some colors fitted well together while others, not so much. Hering noticed that the trichromatic theory did not explain why we had afterimages, which is the sensation of seeing colors even when the stimulus was removed. When we look at the color red then the afterimage will be green. When we look at the color yellow, then the afterimage will be blue. The opponent- process theory states that the visual system responds not to three color receptors, but four. The visual system responds in groups of two, red and green, and blue and yellow. The cell will see red and constrain green or the cell will see blue and constrain yellow. Both theories have been proven to be true about the color perception. They both help scientist further

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