The New Jim Crow Chapter 2 Summary

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The documentary “13th” and the chapter 1 from “The New Jim Crow” emphasize that the American communities of color are still facing with racial justice issues. The documentary brings back to the history of race, incarceration, and disempowerment of minority communities in the United States. The amount of prejudice and the crisis of mass incarceration are continued to link with history of slavery. Even though the thirteenth amendment states that slavery was abolished in 1865, and legally embedded, it brings a harmful form of enslavement into American societies. The suppression of African Americans by disenfranchisement and the actions of criminalization behavior enable the police to arrest the African Americans. Even with minor crimes, African Americans are arrested so that the economic system of free labor remains intact. Because of these actions, mass incarceration of people of …show more content…
Michelle Alexander also argues that African Americans are controlled by racial caste systems which has existed in three different forms: slavery, Jim Crow and mass incarceration. Because of the caste system, it is difficult for African Americans to move up in the society. Not only they are not free to move up, they lack opportunity, in poverty, attend poor schools or lack of access to quality education. It is because they are controlled by laws, rules, and policies from doing it. Rebecca Carroll agrees that black men are incarcerated or under surveillance by the criminal justice system. However, the way the system works is more like a caste system than crime control. Once they are in felony and released from prison, they are still considered as felons and lose all their rights such as denial of public benefits, educational opportunity, employment and housing. Therefore, there is still ongoing discrimination against African Americans in
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