Type 2 Diabetes Outline

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What is Diabetes?
• Diabetes is also known as Diabetes Mellitus
• Diabetes isn’t just one disease but it’s a couple of metabolic disorders (Metabolic syndrome) characterized by hyperglycemia (High blood sugar) resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
• Type 2 of diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance in appropriate hepatic glucose production and impaired insulin secretion. Usually starts around age 40 but can occur at any age, including during childhood and adolescence.

Causes/Symptoms
• Heredity, age, ethnicity/race, obesity, high blood pressure, and physical inactivity.
• Type 2 diabetes, a disease traditionally associated with middle-aged and older adults, has been increasing among children …show more content…
But these medications can cause sugar levels to drop below normal, especially if they have eaten less than usual. Symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include, sweating, trembling, dizziness, hunger, confusion, seizures and loss of consciousness (if hypoglycemia is not treated)
Treatments
• Treatment for type 2 diabetes starts with weight loss through diet and exercise. A recommended healthy diet for someone with diabetes is food that is low in cholesterol, low in calories, whole-grain foods, fruits and vegetables. Vitamins are recommended.
• For some, type 2 diabetes can be controlled solely with diet and exercise. Whether you are taking medicine for the condition diet and exercise are still an important part.
• The medications used for type 2 diabetes include pills and injections. The pills work in different ways. These medications can reduce insulin resistance in the muscles and liver, increase the amount of insulin made and released by the pancreas, delay sugar absorption by the intestine, slow digestion, and reduce your appetite. These medications are called glitazones. One medication in this group has recently been linked to heart disease. As a result, drugs from this group are not recommended as a first choice in …show more content…
This condition is called insulin resistance. The cells do not accept as much glucose from the blood as they should. The cells start to resist the insulin and as a result, glucose starts to build up in the blood
• People with insulin resistance, the pancreas can see that the blood glucose level is rising. The pancreas responds by making extra insulin to maintain a normal blood sugar. Over time, the body's insulin resistance gets worse. So the pancreas makes more and more insulin until the pancreas gets “exhausted”. It cannot keep up with the demand for more and more insulin. As a result, blood glucose levels stay high.
• Diabetes and coronary heart disease are closely related. Diabetes contributes to high blood pressure and is linked with high cholesterol which significantly increases the risk of heart attacks and cardiovascular disease. Also affects kidneys (nephropathy) and eyes (retinopathy).

Origin
• Clinical features similar to diabetes mellitus were described 3000 years ago by the ancient Egyptians.
• Diabetes mellitus is derived from the Greek word “diabetes” meaning siphon, which means to pass through, and the Latin word “mellitus” meaning honey or sweet. This is because in diabetes excess sugar is found in blood as well as
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