United States prisons frequently put prisoners in long term solitary confinement for offenses ranging from violence to cursing at a guard, and research shows that such punishment results in extreme psychological abuse. Atul Gawande explores the history, policies, and consequences of solitary confinement as well as the alternatives to solitary, in Hellhole, a 2009 article in the New Yorker. Gawande uses strong emotional appeals to evoke compassion from the reader, and backs up those pathos with evidence…
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