Exploratory Based Anxiety Analysis

Words: 596

Pages: 3

Open Document

Exploratory-based avoidance tests are most widely used to assess anxiety behaviors in rodents. The elevated plus maze (Pellow et al. 1985), the open field test (Christmas & Maxwell 1970) and the light-dark box (Crawley & Goodwin 1980) are the classical exploratory based anxiety tests. These tests provide an environment to rodents in which there is an option to explore an adverse area or remain in a less anxiety-provoking location in the arena. The elevated plus maze test takes an advantage of the natural tendency of mice to explore a novel situation. The rodents are allowed to spend time in elevated open or closed arms. Normally mice tend to avoid the unprotected open areas and spend time in enclosed spaces. This approach-avoidance conflict in elevated plus maze results in behaviors that are indicators of psychological stress. On …show more content…
The additional behavioral indices such as head dipping and stretched attend postures are also analyzed which provides The more sensitive measures of the effects of anxiolytic compounds are measured by analyzing additional behavioral indices including head dipping, grooming and stretched attend postures in elevated plus maze (Borsini et al. 2002).
The open field test has also been proved to be equally successful in assessing anxiety behaviors in rodents. In addition to anxiety behavior, this test measures the novel environment exploration and general locomotor activity in rodents. In this test rodents are allowed to explore in an open arena. There are two major factors affect the anxiety behavior in this test, the social isolation and

Essay on Film Analysis - Social Penetration Theory in the Breakfast Club

Social Penetration Theory in The Breakfast Club The Social Penetration Theory, adapted by Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor, is based on the idea that people are layered like onions, (Griffin 133). These layers are made up by different things that hide an individual’s true self. One’s true self can include his or her hopes, fears, likes, dislikes, aspirations and other things that one thinks about. For individuals to become close, they must get past all of the facades and disclose their true…

Words 2133 - Pages 9

Essay on Bus20 Marketing Midterm Study Guide

ones * Customer Abandonment: sometimes a firm wants customers to take their business elsewhere because servicing them actually costs the firm too much. Today, this is called “firing a customer.” * Market Basket Analysis: develops focused promotional strategies based on the records of which customers have bought certain products * Steps in the Marketing Research Process: 1. Define the Research Problem: Specify the research objectives; identify the consumer population of interest;…

Words 1938 - Pages 8

Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Nursing Interventions Essay

NUR 513 Research and Evidence- Based Practice Summer 2013 Problem Description: Amenable to Nursing Intervention The battles and wars of the world are creating a patient population challenging nurses with Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) concerns for veterans with combat-related post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Best practice guidelines…

Words 3164 - Pages 13

Essay on Alzheimer's

Alzheimer's Disease Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia. It currently affects about 4 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of mental damage in elderly people and accounts for a large amount to need assisted living homes, nursing homes, and other long-term care facilities. Symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, have been reported in…

Words 2237 - Pages 9

Zero Hours Contracts Essay

“An investigation to explore how the management of zero hours contracts affects the employees of Abercrombie & Fitch – London” TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction………………….………………………………………........................4 2. Literature Review…………….…………………………………….........................4 3. Purpose Statement……………………….……………………………………........6 4. Objectives...........................................................................................................6 5…

Words 3068 - Pages 13

Sexual Assault Trauma

they can experience short and long-term negative psychological, emotional, physical effects as well as increase health risk behaviors. Some of the documented psychological consequences experiences by survivors of sexual assault include: depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, low self-esteem, shame, fear, and denial (Basile & Smith (2011); Littleton, Grills-Taquechel, Axsom (2009) Campbell, Dworkin, Cabral (2009); Goodman, Koss, Russo (1993); Coker, Hopenhayn, DeSimone, Bush, & Crofford…

Words 1837 - Pages 8

Essay on Procurement in Oil and Gas Industry in Developing Countries Nigeria Agip

operations. Thus the first section comprises the Introduction, the background of the problem the research objectives, literature review regarding the procurement process and the company AGIP. The second section is about the research methodology, the data analysis and presentation of…

Words 12230 - Pages 49

Essay on 1985 12049 001

exogenous variable. Affect, behavior, and cognition are This research was supported by a Graduate Alumni Research Award and a Herbert Toops Research Award (both to S. J. Breckler), and by NSF Grant BNS 82-17006 (to A. G. Greenwald). It is partly based on a doctoral dissertation completed in the social psychology program at Ohio State University. The article was written, in part, while the author was a National Institute of Mental Health Post-Doctoral Trainee in the Department of Psychology at Northwestern…

Words 9454 - Pages 38

Analyzing The History Of Drugs In The United States

the effects on the brain and body. Atropine is principally derived from the Atropa belladonna plant, also called deadly nightshade. Injecting only a dozen or so berries is enough for death to occur. Many recipes for poisons through history have been based on this plant. At a lower dose Egyptian and Roman women used the…

Words 4040 - Pages 17

Impact of Organizational Structure and Culture on Job Satisfaction, Job Stress and Employee Motivation: a Survey of Existing Litreature Essay

IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND CULTURE ON JOB SATISFACTION, JOB STRESS AND EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION: A SURVEY OF EXISTING LITREATURE ABSTRACT Effectively managing human resources in the organizations is a big concern both for HR managers and the policy makers of the organization. To have a satisfied, motivated, less stressed performing workforce an organization must have consistency amongst its structure, system, people, culture and good fit with the strategy. In this paper an attempt has been…

Words 15091 - Pages 61