Pt1420 Unit 3 Assignment

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Q1
The DNA-base mutation of a protein means the base substitutions which is a transition between pyrimidine and purine. The mutation type is determined by the adduct's position on a specific DNA base. When point mutation happens, the entire DNA sequence is altered during replication which changes the amino acid sequence and finally causes the changes to a protein.
1. Nonsense mutation: The codon which codes amino acid’s changed to the stop codon when one nucleotide is substituted. The amino acid chain stop producting becasuse of the stop codon, which is a specific sequence base. So if a mutation makes the stop codon arise to a wrong place, the amino acid sequence will be terminated prematurely and produces the wrong protein.
2. Missense mutation: In a sense, this mutation likes Nonsense mutation, but the codon is changed to a different codon instead of a stop codon. For example, when DNA triplet code AGA turns to RNA triplet code UCU, the serine-wrong amino acid missense mutation occurs. When the amino acids has similar properties to the amino acids that should be formed, it is called conservative. Amino acids are said to be non-conservative if they have properties that differ from the …show more content…
Silent mutation: Has no effect on protein[1].

Q2
Therapeutic index, which can also be written as TI, is the ratio of the amount of substance required to produce a therapeutic effect to the amount of toxic component. TI=LD50(The dose of harmful substances, toxic substances or doses of free radiation which can kill the half experimental sample.)/ED50(Concentration or dose that causes 50% of the maximal effect.) The bigger number of TI is, the more secure the medicine will be.
For conventional chemotherapy drugs, it will affect other normal cells when administered to target sites, especially gastrointestinal cells. When the cells are toxic, LD50 becomes lower, which means the TI will become lower too[2].
For example, metoclopramide, butyrophenone and phenothiazine have low

Pt1420 Unit 3 Assignment

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Pt1420 Unit 3 Assignment

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Pt1420 Unit 3 Assignment

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Pt1420 Unit 3 Assignment

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Pt1420 Unit 3 Assignment 1

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Pt1420 Unit 3 Programming Assignment

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Essay on graded assignments

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