Cyp 3.3 1.1

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1 - Understand how children from birth to five years learn through play
1.1 – Analyse the theoretical perspectives taken to learning and development through play
Albert Bandura
Bandura’s ‘social learning’ and ‘modelling’ theory stated that learning takes place through observing others rather than being taught. Children tend to simply copy adults and their peers without being told to do so, this means that their learning is spontaneous. For example, if a baby sees an adult rolling a ball they will copy the action they have observed.
John Bowlby
Bowlby stated that for a child’s healthy mental development it was vital that early attachments were a key part of the way in which we build relationships later. For example, if children form safe, secure and positive protecting bonds with their parents and primary carers they will form secure attachments as they grow with others.
B. F. Skinner
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He encouraged the theory that our learning is based on consequence following a particular behaviour. We will repeat experiences that are enjoyable and avoid those that are not. This applies to learning too. For example, if a young baby smiles and the parent smiles back, the baby is more likely to smile as they are receiving a type of reward for smiling or a child who is praised for doing an activity well will want to take part in that activity again. Skinner referred to this as positive reinforcement. He also produced one of the earliest explanations of language development in the 1950s, called ‘language acquisition theory’. In it he stated that children’s language acquisition is heavily influenced by their environment and by others around them positively reinforcing their correct use of