Paracetamol

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An Introduction of Paracetamol
Jiahao Xu
Introduction
Paracetamol (also named acetaminophen) is a widely used painkiller and fever-relieving drug. It was firstly synthesized by Joseph von Mering in 1893, improved from phenacetin which has therapeutic properties but also damage to kidneys. [1] Interestingly, the therapeutic property of its prototype, Acetanilide, was found by giving a patient the wrong drug! For more than 100 years, it still plays an important role in prescribing and self-medicating, due to its low price, simple synthesis and relatively small side-effects. Nevertheless, researches on it never stops, for we have not fully understood its mechanism [2], and we also intend to apply it into more complex medicating environment.
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[1] Its density is 1.293g cm-3 under 21°C. [3] Its solubility in water varies from 12.53g dm-3 at room temperature to 111.17g dm-3 at 80°C. It is more soluble in ethanol with a solubility of 140g dm-3. However, there is a great jump in solubility compared between in water and in NaCl water solution. The latter can dissolve 1006.53g dm-3 in 0.5M NaCl solution, which increases as the concentration or temperature of NaCl solution increases. [4] The pH of saturated water solution is 5.1-6.5, which is slightly
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