Salmonella Serotypes

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Food and waterborne illnesses are a global health concern affecting billions of individuals every year. Salmonella, the second most frequently found food and waterborne illness is responsible for one third of food and waterborne infections killing over a million individuals each year. The Salmonella enterica subspecies has thousands of various serotypes most of which are known to infect humans and other mammals. S. typhi and S. paratyphi (S. paratyphi A, S. paratyphi B, and S. paratyphi C) cause typhoid fever and S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis can cause gastroenteritis which are the most dangerous conditions caused by Salmonella in humans. These serotypes have developed unique modes of pathogenesis ranging from protecting themselves from …show more content…
D. Salmon, the scientist who the bacterium was named after, was attempting to identify the etiologic agent of swine fever. Salmonellosis, salmonella infections, were poorly understood until the early 1990’s when the antigenic properties were studied of Salmonella which identified a wide range of serotypes. The National Salmonella Center was established in 1934; some claim that the knowledge and distribution of Salmonella was influenced by the facility (Steele, 1963). Reports of Salmonella being used as biological weapon (BW) date back to the early 1940’s where Japan contaminated the Russian border of Mongolia with Salmonella. In 1984, a large outbreak of salmonellosis emerged in Dalles, Oregon. Investigation by health officials found the source to be in food from specific restaurants. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) became involved and concluded the culprit of the contamination to be the Rajneeshee cult. Considering that Salmonella is a pathogen that spreads through contaminated water and food consumption, it is often difficult to distinguish natural outbreaks from acts of terror. In modern times, it is not unusual to be informed of food recalls such as nuts, vegetables, and fruits due to Salmonella contamination (Dembek & Landerson,

Questions On Foodborne Illnesses

Choose one of the following foodborne illnesses to complete this assignment: Salmonella Staphylococcus Clostridium perfringens Norovirus (formerly Norwalk virus) Hepatitis A Giardia or amoeba parasites Write a 125- to 150-word response to each of the following questions: What is the infectious agent (pathogen) that causes this infectious disease? For example, the name of the bacteria, virus, or parasite. Salmonella is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacilli that cause a diarrheal illness. They…

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notoriously susceptible to contamination especially Salmonella if incorrect preparation processes are followed”(1)- one more reason to avoid fast food restaurants. (These are where many of the incidences of food poisoning occur) Salmonella is a food poisoning caused by the salmonella enterica bacterium. Many types of this bacteria exist. However, in the United States of America the major three bacterium are salmonella serotype, typhimurium and salmonella serotype enteritidis. Salmonellosis is much more common…

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poisoning. Salmonella The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, also known as the CDC, estimates that each year roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or forty-eight million people) get sick, one-hundred twenty eight thousand are hospitalized, and three-thousand die of foodborne diseases. However, many foodborne illness cases are unreported. One of the most common bacterial viruses it the United States is Salmonella. Salmonella is an intestinal infection cause by Salmonella enterica bacteria. Salmonella bacteria…

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Animals 2012, 2, 261-274; doi:10.3390/ani2020261 OPEN ACCESS animals ISSN 2076-2615 www.mdpi.com/journal/animals Review Mannan Oligosaccharides in Nursery Pig Nutrition and Their Potential Mode of Action Veronika Halas 1,* and Imre Nochta 2 1 2 Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Kaposvár University, P.O. Box 16, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary Provimi, P.O. Box 1, H-8112 Zichyújfalu, Hungary; E-Mail: inochta@hu.provimi.com * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed;…

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