Yr 11 Research

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Pages: 9

Yr 11 Chemistry Research Assessment
PART A
The Extraction of Ores
1. Locating. There are a variety of different techniques used by geologist in the locating of iron and copper ores. The first step in doing so is to create a geologic map. Such a map shows that potential location of ores based on what is required for them to form. For example, porphyry copper normally forms just outside of igneous stocks and inside alternation zones. Another common method for finding ores is called geochemical exploration. This process has geologist take samples from the sediment of a stream, which is then analysed for minerals, which would indicate a mineralised catchment. One problem of this method is the inaccuracy caused by human activities. Constructions nearby, such as the construction of a bridge will lead to very high amounts of minerals in the sedimentation, which will throw of the results, as can pollution from industry or landfill.
2. Mining. There are a myriad of different methods used to mine all ores, including copper and iron; however, they can be split into two different categories, surface mining and underground mining (sub-surface mining). Surface mining is done by stripping away surface dirt and the rock beneath to reach ore deposits. Underground mining on the other hand involves digging shafts into the ground to reach buried ore. Both
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By 1864, 5 years before Mendeleev published the first periodic table, Meyer had devised a table of 28, in which he listed their valence (now referred to as valency). Later in 1869 he made a table of transition metals, which listed the elements with the same valence in the same column and in increasing weight order. Unfortunately, despite being earlier than Mendeleev’s work, Meyer did not publish his findings until 1870, and so Mendeleev is normally given credit for the periodic